Navigating the complexities of pregnancy with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: an in-depth narrative exploration

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially severe complication of assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures, particularly in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments. While OHSS typically occurs during the stimulation phase of ART, it can also manifest during pregnancy, posing significant challenges to maternal and fetal health. This comprehensive narrative review tries to provide a detailed description of pregnancy with OHSS, encompassing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnosis, management strategies, and pregnancy outcomes. Relevant literature was identified through a systematic search of electronic databases, with more focus on recent studies and guidelines. Insights from clinical experience and expert opinions are also integrated into the discussion. This review highlights the importance of early recognition, risk stratification, and multidisciplinary management in optimizing outcomes for women with pregnancy-associated OHSS. Areas requiring further research and strategies for prevention and management are also discussed.