The aquaculture waste as the carbon source for nanocellulose production by <i>Komagataeibacter europaeus</i>

Nanocellulose produced by bacteria has attracted worldwide attention owing to its excellent mechanical properties, water retention capacity, non-toxicity, antibacterial ability, and high plasticity, making it applicable in various fields. In this study, the collected aquaculture waste biomass such as Chaetomorpha crassa and C. linum were hydrolyzed with cellulose and viscozyme to be employed as the carbon sources in HS medium for Komagataeibacter europaeus 14,148 to produce bacterial cellulose (BC). The sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass of C. crassa by cellulase (CCH) and by viscozyme (CVH) was 1.40 ± 0.02 g/100 mL, 1.17 ± 0.03 g/100 mL, respectively, and similarly, C. linum by cellulase (LCH) and by viscozyme (LVH) 0.78 ± 0.01 g/100 mL, and 0.82 ± 0.04 g/100 mL, respectively. The glucose saccharification of enzymatic hydrolysate in CCH and CVH was 34.9% and 17.3% which were both higher than LCH and LVH. The yield of BC by K. europaeus 14,148 from different enzymatic hydrolysate of green seaweed was 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.51 ± 0.07, 0.48 ± 0.06, 1.77 ± 0.12, and 1.69 ± 0.03 g/L in HS medium, CCH, CVH, LCH, and LVH, respectively. Macroalgal hydrolysate by carbohydrase was a better carbon source for producing high-quality BC. The high concentration of total phenol compound in the enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from green seaweed enhanced the bacterial activity of K. europaeus 14,148, conversely contributing to enhancing BC production and improving radical scavenging activity of BC. This study provided value addition to aquaculture waste to be utilized as carbon source to produce high-value products supporting sustainable development goals no. 12 “Responsible consumption and production.”