Performance optimization of eco-friendly CH₃NH₃SnI₃ based perovskite solar cell employing CH₃NH₃SnBr₃ as hole transport layer by SCAPS-1D device simulator

This study focuses on the theoretical aspects of third-generation perovskite solar cells (PSC), with the aim of replacing traditional silicon-based counterparts. With potential for higher efficiency and low manufacturing costs, perovskite cells offer unique crystallographic structures allowing adjustments to photoluminescence wavelength. This research addresses challenges in cost-effective solar spectrum utilization and optimization of parameters, device architecture, and materials for high-efficiency cells. In this study, we simulated a perovskite-based solar cell (CH₃NH₃SnI₃) using solar cell capacitance simulator-one dimension simulator under AM 1.5G illumination. The chosen electron transport layer is TiO₂, and hole transport layer is CH₃NH₃SnBr₃. The simulation explores variations in layer thickness, defect concentration, interface defects, doping concentration and electron affinity. Additionally, we analyzed the impact of back metal contact work function and temperature variations. Results indicate optimal absorber layer thickness at 0.5<i>µ</i>m. Reduced defect concentrations, increased doping concentration and a higher work function for the back contact, enhance efficiency of PSC. The initial parameters yielded a 19.79% efficiency based on base values before optimization, which increased to 26.66% after optimization. According to the latest NREL data, the highest reported efficiency for PSC is 26.1%. This research provides insights into perovskite-based solar cell design for enhanced efficiency.