Fetal exposure to toxic metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic) via intrauterine blood transfusions

This study highlights the risk of toxic metal exposure through IUBTs, a treatment for fetal anemia. Hg, Cd, Pb, and As levels were measured in transfusion bags and linked to fetal exposure through maternal and umbilical cord blood analysis. The HI indicates significant Pb exposure risks, underscoring the need for mandatory blood donor screening. Recommendations include shifting toward safer practices in managing fetal anemia to protect fetal health.