Evaluating in vitro Efficiency of Calotropis procera against Eimeria flavescens Oocysts, Isolated from Domestic Rabbits

Background: Rabbit farming is important to boost wealth and increase protein intake. However, common parasitic infestations pose a threat to the survival Eimeria spp. The study aims to assess the effect of Calotropis procera leaves on Eimeria flavescens oocysts and determine the time and concentration to inhibit oocysts. Methods: Twenty-four-well plates with a volume of 3 mL, each containing one thousand un-sporulated oocysts/mL, were subjected to seven different treatments: Used was 2.5% potassium dichromate solution as the non-treated control; five extract concentrations (10, 20, 40, 80 and 100 mg/mL); In addition, 25 mg/ml toltrazuril as the reference medicine. The oocysticidal properties of the mixtures were assessed after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Result: The C. Procera extract was analyzed and quantitative results showed phenolics, flavonoids and tannins with different rates of bioactive compounds. Moreover, LC50 was obtained at 44.2±0.007 g/mL for Hep-G2 cell lines. After 72 and 96 h, it was able to block the E. flavescens oocysts at 80% and 100% doses by approximately 81% and 89%, respectively. The relationship between sporulation and concentration was highly negative at all times. Results provide scientific validation for the application of C. procera extracts in the prevention of coccidiosis.