Development of an individualized stable and force-reducing lower-limb exoskeleton

In this study, an individualized and stable passive-control lower-limb exoskeleton robot was developed. Users' joint angles and the center of pressure (CoP) of one of their soles were input into a convolutional neural network (CNN)-long short-term memory (LSTM) model to evaluate and adjust the exoskeleton control scheme. The CNN-LSTM model predicted the fitness of the control scheme and output the results to the exoskeleton robot, which modified its control parameters accordingly to enhance walking stability. The sole's CoP had similar trends during normal walking and passive walking with the developed exoskeleton; the<i>y</i>-coordinates of the CoPs with and without the exoskeleton had a correlation of 91%. Moreover, electromyography signals from the rectus femoris muscle revealed that it exerted 40% less force when walking with a stable stride length in the developed system than when walking with an unstable stride length. Therefore, the developed lower-limb exoskeleton can be used to assist users in achieving balanced and stable walking with reduced force application. In the future, this exoskeleton can be used by patients with stroke and lower-limb weakness to achieve stable walking.