Lean Management and use of AI in healthcare: living in the present

This study explores the possible relationship between Lean Management and generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI), which are seemingly distant but with common objectives namely to reduce waste and increase efficiency. Our analysis reveals that Generative AI models can support “lean” principles by facilitating just-in-time manufacturing, increasing flexibility, promoting waste reduction, and rapid prototyping. However, solutions are needed for the technological challenges and the quality of the content generated. Effective implementation requires a focus on optimizing operations and automating data analysis, as well as aligning goals between stakeholders. The joint use of cross-functional teams can maximize resource utilization and drive informed decisions. Generative AI is therefore a powerful complement to Lean Management in business processes. A focus was then placed on the impact that AI and technological advancement may have in various areas of the pharmaceutical sector. The state of the art was assessed by referring to publications in the literature and by interviewing experts not only with a corporate profile, but also community pharmacists, students, and professionals in the pharmaceutical sector.