Simulation Study on the Installation of Helical Anchors in Sandy Soil Using SPH-FEM

The helical anchor foundation is driven into the soil under the combined action of torque and vertical pressure. The installation process involves a significant deformation of the soil, which is difficult to simulate numerically using the traditional finite element method. As a meshless method, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is very suitable for simulating large deformation problems. In this paper, the SPH meshless method and traditional finite element method are used to simulate the installation and pulling process of helical anchor foundations in sandy soil. The variations in installation force, installation torque, ultimate uplift capacity, and torque correlation factor under different advancement ratios were studied. The research results indicate that using a low advancement ratio for installation can significantly reduce the installation force and torque of the helical anchor and positively affect the ultimate uplift capacity. Moreover, the torque correlation factor is also influenced by the advancement ratio. Using the torque correlation factor value obtained from the “pitch matching” installation to predict the ultimate uplift capacity at other advancement ratios may result in an overestimation.