Multi-Satellite Cooperative Load-Balancing Scheme Based on Dynamic Beam Coverage for LEO Beam Hopping Systems

Due to the time-varying and non-uniform terrestrial traffic requirements, efficiently utilizing limited satellite resources to match non-uniform traffic demands brings challenges for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) beam-hopping (BH) technology. Existing LEO BH systems typically assume the fixed beam coverage sizes, potentially leading to resource congestion or wastage. In this letter, we present a novel multi-satellite collaborative two-dimensional load-balancing beam-hopping scheme based on dynamic beam coverage (MSDBC-BH), which encompasses both inter-beam load balancing and inter-satellite load balancing. This letter proposes the dynamic beam coverage design to achieve effective inter-beam load balancing. Additionally, a cell-satellite assignment scheme based on a game-matching algorithm is introduced to satisfy inter-satellite load balancing. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed MSDBC-BH effectively addresses the load imbalance among satellites and improves system throughput.