LPI radar sequence design against cyclostationary analysis

In this paper, we present a novel unimodular sequence design algorithm based on the coordinate descent (CD) algorithm, aimed at countering electronic surveillance (ES) systems based on cyclostationary analysis. Our algorithm not only provides resistance against cyclostationary analysis (CSA) but also maintains low integrated sidelobe (ISL) characteristics. Initially, we derive the expression of the cyclostationary feature (CSF) detector and simplify it into an iterative quadratic form. Additionally, we derive a quadratic form to ensure the similarity of the autocorrelation sidelobes. To balance the minimization of the detection probability and the ISL values, we introduce a Pareto scalar that transforms the multi-objective optimization problem into a convex combination of objective functions. This approach allows us to find an optimal trade-off between the two objectives. Finally, we propose a monotonic algorithm based on the CD algorithm to counter CSA analysis. This algorithm efficiently solves the optimization problem mentioned earlier. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. • We convert the matrix's L1 norm optimization problem into a Frobenius norm problem for unimodular sequence design for the CSF detector. • We transform the multi-objective problem into a convex combination using quadratic forms and the Pareto scalar. • We introduce a sequential iterative algorithm based on the CD method, balancing detection performance and low intercept capability for the CSF detector.