Characterization model of the post COVID-19 condition based on immunological, biochemical, and cytokine markers
Post-coronavirus disease condition (PCC) continues to affect many people globally, yet there remains a lack of diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish PCC from those recovered from acute COVID-19. This study compared biomarkers between two age- and gender-matched groups: PCC individuals and those recovered within three months of acute COVID-19 in 2020 (<i>n</i> = 85 each). Biomarkers were assessed 12-24 months after initial diagnosis, examining biochemical profiles, blood cell counts, coagulation status, antibody serology, lymphocyte populations, and cytokine levels. PCC individuals exhibited significant alterations in 49 of 167 markers, including K+ levels, αGAD antibodies, antithrombin III, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). A panel of αGAD, IL-10, potassium levels, and CD16<sup>bright</sup>CD56<sup>-</sup> cell presence distinguished PCC individuals from recovered patients with >88% accuracy and <92% precision.
Authors
- Mayte Coiras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6464-5770)
- Ana Medel-Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5783-4020)
- Fátima Méndez-López (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-9041)
- Carlos Tellería (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6394-3212)
- Verónica Casado‐Vicente (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7980-1374)
- David Lerma‐Irureta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-218X)
- Izaskun Arenaz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-8656)
- María del Mar Encabo-Berzosa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5533-804X)
- Bárbara Oliván‐Blázquez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-9699)
- Jesús Ibáñez-Ruiz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3041-4661)
- Alberto Montolío (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-4399)
- Rosa Magallón Botaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-6550)
- Jon Schoorlemmer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-0567)
- Beatriz Jimeno-Beltran
- Marta Bona-Otal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-3853)
- Paula García-Izuel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2099-4537)
- María Ruiz-Herreros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9581-1737)
Institutions
- Universidad de Valladolid (ES)
- Universidad de Zaragoza (ES)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Fundacion Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigacion y el Desarrollo (ES)
- Servicio Aragonés de Salud (ES)
- Navarre Institute of Health Research (ES)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (ES)
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- iScience
- Published
- 2024-08-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.110839
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.74
Funders
- European Commission
- HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- European Regional Development Fund