Genomic insights into the modifications of spike morphology traits during wheat breeding
Over the past century, environmental changes have significantly impacted wheat spike morphology, crucial for adaptation and grain yield. However, the changes in wheat spike modifications during this period remain largely unknown. This study examines 16 spike morphology traits in 830 accessions released from 1900 to 2020. It finds that spike weight, grain number per spike (GN), and thousand kernel weight have significantly increased, while spike length has no significant change. The increase in fertile spikelets is due to fewer degenerated spikelets, resulting in a higher GN. Genome-wide association studies identified 49,994 significant SNPs, grouped into 293 genomic regions. The accumulation of favorable alleles in these genomic regions indicates the genetic basis for modification in spike morphology traits. Genetic network analysis of these genomic regions reveals the genetic basis for phenotypic correlations among spike morphology traits. The haplotypes of the identified genomic regions display obvious geographical differentiation in global accessions and environmental adaptation over the past 120 years. In summary, we reveal the genetic basis of adaptive evolution and the interactions of spike morphology, offering valuable resources for the genetic improvement of spike morphology to enhance environmental adaptation.
Authors
- Yuanfeng Hao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-9375)
- Jianhui Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8154-1199)
- Rui Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2519-4548)
- He Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-8033)
- Botao Ye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-0111)
- Xiaohui Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-0313)
- Liping Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-703X)
- Danning Liu
- Qingdong Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7856-2340)
- Yanchun Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-0499)
- Jiayu Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-823X)
- Mengjing Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-3587)
- Yangyang Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3834-4565)
- Zhonghu He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-3712)
- Zifeng Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-4492)
- Zhiweng Sun
- Dejun Han
- Kuocheng Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-7489)
- Xuchang Yu
- Jing Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-2432)
- Ziying Wang
- Zhiliang Zhang
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Beijing Botanical Garden (CN)
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (CN)
- Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Institute of Botany (CN)
- Institute of Crop Sciences (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- China National Botanical Garden
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Plant Cell & Environment
- Published
- 2024-08-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15117
- Citations
- 10
- Primary Topic
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 6.00
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation