Natural convection in two different enclosures filled with nanohybrid under magnetic field: Application to heat exchanger

The current numerical work examines the thermal energy transport controlled by MHD buoyancy inside two distinct enclosure shapes filled with water-Ag-MgO nanohybrids. The outer wall of the enclosure is designed to be frigid, but the inner spaces are heated continuously. To do this, we used COMSOL Multiphysics to develop a 2-D code that solved the equations related mass, momentum, and energy. When the Prandtl number is assumed to be Pr = 6.58, the impact of relevant parameters such as Rayleigh number between 103 and 106, Hartmann number between 0 and 120, and the solid volume fraction of the nanohybrid on the flow and heat transfer performance of the enclosure are investigated after the validation of the numerical code. It is obtained that the average Nusselt number is a function of and increases with solid volume fraction of the nanohybrid. Furthermore, the average Nusselt number drops with Hartmann number, with the effect being more pronounced for higher Rayleigh values.