Impact of pediatric nutritional syrups on the color stability of glass ionomer restorations

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different pediatric nutritional syrups’ formulations on the color changes of glass ionomer-based restorative materials (GICs) used in pediatric dentistry. Methods: Three types of GICs—compomer (Dyract XP, Dentsply), conventional glass ionomer (Equia Forte, GC), and glass carbomer (Glass Fill, GCP Dental)—were tested. 120 disc-shaped specimens (5 mm diameter, 2 mm deep) were prepared. Each type was divided into four groups (n=30). Specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours, then immersed in three different pediatric pediatric nutritional syrups (iron-Fe+3 [Ferifer, Berko], iron-Fe+2 [Ferro Sanol B, Adeka], and multivitamin [Polivit, Abdi İbrahim]) and distilled water. Color measurements were taken before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V, VITA Zahnfabrik). Color changes (ΔE00) were calculated at 30 and 90 days using the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results: After 30 days, the highest ΔE00 was observed in the glass carbomer group immersed in multivitamins (7.13 ± 0.77), while the lowest was in the compomer group immersed in distilled water (0.26 ± 0.13). ΔE00 values were significantly higher in the glass carbomer groups compared to the conventional glass ionomer and compomer groups (p < 0.05). At 90 days, no significant differences were found between the conventional glass ionomer and compomer groups (p > 0.05). The highest ΔE00 at 90 days was in the glass carbomer group immersed in multivitamins (9.15 ± 0.93), and the lowest was in the compomer group immersed in distilled water (0.38 ± 0.11). Conclusion: Pediatric syrups, frequently used to treat malnutrition, caused more color changes in glass carbomers. Results indicated that as the resin content increased, the amount of coloration decreased.