Unveiling Reproductive Health Challenges: A Qualitative Assessment to Explore Menstrual Hygiene, Breastfeeding, and Complementary Feeding Practices & Restrictions among Women in Himachal Pradesh

Background: Women in Himachal Pradesh encounter various restrictions impacting their reproductive health practices, including menstrual hygiene, breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. This qualitative survey aimed to explore these practices, beliefs, and challenges to inform targeted interventions. Methods: A qualitative survey was conducted from March 2021 to August 2022 across 20 selected blocks in 11 districts of Himachal Pradesh. Focus group discussions (FGDs) included a diverse range of participants, such as women of reproductive age, lactating mothers, Anganwadi workers, ASHAs, and other stakeholders. Thematic analysis identified common themes and patterns related to menstrual hygiene, breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. Results: Thematic analysis revealed key findings in each area. Menstrual hygiene practices included the continued use of cloth instead of sanitary pads, improper disposal of menstrual products, and prevalent social and religious taboos and myths. Despite awareness of breastfeeding benefits, misconceptions about alternative feeding methods persisted. Complementary feeding practices were generally well understood, but certain communities held beliefs against non-vegetarian foods and relied on commercially prepared products. Conclusion: The study underscores the need to address cultural beliefs, provide accurate information, and promote evidence-based practices to enhance reproductive health in Himachal Pradesh. Targeted interventions, education programs, and community-based awareness campaigns are essential to dispel myths, promote positive practices, and empower women to make informed decisions.