NEUROBLASTOMA CONGÊNITO – A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE NA NEONATOLOGIA – UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA COM CASO ILUSTRATIVO

Introduction: neuroblastoma (NBL) is a tumor derived from the neural crest (Fiscella et al., 2021), being the most common malignant tumor in the neonatal period (Oliveira et al., 2015). Responsible for 5% of NBL cases diagnosed annually (Minakova and Lang, 2020) and more than 20% of neonatal cancers (Fisher and Tweddle, 2012), with the majority of cases diagnosed within the first month after birth. The diagnosis may be based on a single finding, or manifest as aggressive metastatic disease. Its main location is in the adrenal region, with frequent liver involvement. The suspected diagnosis can be made in the fetal phase, due to ultrasound (USG) findings of the abdominal mass or in the postnatal period (Fiscella et al., 2021). About 20% of neonatal NBL present with spinal cord compression, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment, with steroids and chemotherapy (Fisher and Tweddle, 2012). Objectives: analyze the various information regarding the early diagnosis of congenital NBL, focusing on children under one year of age. In addition to reporting the case of a newborn patient (NB) in the state of Rondônia. Justificative: evaluate the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and survival of newborns with NBL. The pathology is uncommon and has a non-specific clinical presentation, therefore it is necessary to establish differential diagnoses and appropriate treatment. Methodology: systematic review, with information collected through various portals such as SciELO, MEDLINE, LILACS and Google Scholar. Data from 2005 to 2022. Keywords: congenital neuroblastoma, neonatal tumor, metastasis, newborn, adrenal gland.