Two Novel Inflammation Indexes; Can Systemic İmmune-inflammation Index and Pan-immune-inflammation Value Be Associated with Chronic Rhinosinusitis?

Objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can be classifed as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the Systemic Immune-Infammation Index (SII) and Pan-Immune-Infammation Value (PIV) levels of patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP) along with healthy controls. Methods: The study analyzed 320 patients from 2022 to 2023. Patients were divided into three groups. 110 CRSwNP patients, 110 CRSsNP patients, and 100 healthy individuals were included in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. SII and PIV levels were assessed after CRSwNP or CRSsNP diagnosis. The values of complete blood count, SII, and PIV were compared. Results: The mean SII levels of patients in groups A, B, and C were 685.3 ± 641.3; 1034.18 ± 1083.12; and 532.18 ±310.77, respectively. The mean SII levels were signifcantly higher in group B compared to groups A and C (P=.012 and P=.000). The mean PIV levels of patients in groups A;B and C were 405.31 ± 486.15; 539.08 ± 599.63; and 311.29 ±217.52, respectively. The mean PIV levels were signifcantly higher in group B compared to group C (P=0.001). Results of the ROC analyses for both SII and PIV were statistically signifcant. Patients with an SII cut-of value of 278.6 had a sensitivity of 91% and sensitivity 91%, specifcity of 90%. Patients with a PIV cut-of value of 117.51 had a sensitivity of 92% and sensitivity 92%, specifcity of 90%. Conclusions: SII and PIV, which are important infammatory markers, especially in systemic infammation, were signifcantly elevated in CRSwNP patients compared to CRSsNP patients and healthy controls. This may support the presence of chronic mucosal infammation in CRSwNP patients. However, SII and PIV are indirect markers of infammation, and further studies with larger patient groups are warranted.