Evaluation of 40 Cases of Sub-Fertile Couples in OPD of Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka

Background: Subfertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse, affects about 80 million couples worldwide, male factors contribute to 40-50% of these cases. The condition has a multifactorial pathogenesis affecting sperm function, highlighting the need for comprehensive diagnostic and treatment strategies. Objective: The study aimed to understand subfertility causes better through thorough history taking, clinical examination, and necessary investigations, thereby informing improved treatment strategies. Method and Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 couples seeking treatment at the OPD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka from 1 July 2023 to 31 December 2023. Couples with infertility for over one year who agreed to participate were included via convenience sampling. Data were collected on socio- demographic factors and certain relevant questions where asked to find the causes of infertility. Female participants underwent pelvic ultrasound, thyroid function tests, serum prolactin, and random blood sugar tests for Male. Semen analysis was performed following WHO 2010 guidelines. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23. Results: Among the 40 subfertility patients, the majority (25%) were aged between 26-30 years, with a mean age of 24.21 ± 2.04 years and a mean BMI of 23.08 ± 1.54. The duration of marriage was 5-10 years for 40%, under 5 years for 32.5%, and over 10 years for 27.5%. Subfertility lasted less than 6 years for 60% and 6-10 years for 40%. Female factors alone were responsible for 30% of cases, male factors and unexplained causes each accounted for 25%, and combined factors were 20%. Semen analysis showed normal results in 60% of cases, with abnormalities in 40%. Endometriosis and PCOS each affected 25%, tubal factors 20%, and hyperprolactinemia and uterine factors 15%. ........