Two-Dimensional Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

In recent years, the continuous advancements in microelectronics have driven the evolution of electronic devices towards miniaturization and integration. However, at the nanoscale level, surface and size effects become significant, imposing constraints on the use of conventional bulk ferroelectric materials in contemporary industry. As a result, in the field of materials research, two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials with stable spontaneous polarization and minimal size effects have gained significant attention. These novel 2D ferroelectric materials have great potential for future nano-level ferroelectric applications, enabling high levels of device integration. To begin with, this paper divides 2D ferroelectric materials into two categories: intrinsic ferroelectrics and sliding ferroelectrics. It also discusses the features and current state of research on each of these categories. Next, typical 2D ferroelectric material preparation and characterization techniques are outlined. Additionally, 2D ferroelectric memory devices like ferroelectric diodes (FD), ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFET), ferroelectric semiconductor field-effect transistors (FeSFET), and ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJ) are introduced. Finally, this review also presents expectations and potential challenges in the domain of 2D ferroelectric materials.