A way for explaining Geo Big Data through its characteristics, sources, and central support technologies

Big Data has significantly impacted scientific research and everyday life, resulting in solutions that align with its principles. Therefore, it is essential to propose ways that enable a basic understanding of specific fields of knowledge, such as those related to spatial domain information. Through a narrative review, this document explains the fundamentals of Geo Big Data by contextualising the characteristics, sources, and central technologies of Big Data in relation to geographic information. One of the most significant findings is that Geo Big Data helps enhance the understanding of biophysical and human dimensions of spatial matters. The technology boosts the acquisition of valuable insights and opportunities across various areas, including risk management, health, agriculture, environment, and open government. This document lays some groundwork for implementing Geo Big Data initiatives towards more specific efforts.