Analysing the Temporal Variation of \(ET_0\) and Water Requirement of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Over Different Agroclimatic Zones of Uttar Pradesh by Using CROPWAT

The agriculture sector is a major consumer of the water resource to fulfill the requirement of irrigation and its dependency on ground water is 70-90%. It is important to understand the crop water requirement to prepare a sustainable management of water resources. The Experiment was conducted for estimation of water requirement of Mustard crop and temporal variability of crop evapotranspiration for different Agroclimatic zones of Uttar Pradesh during time period (1992-2022). In this India Meteorological Department (IMD) Daily Gridded data (Maximum temperature, Minimum temperature and rainfall) is used and converted into Weekly, Monthly, Seasonally and Annually from Weather cock for run in the CROPWAT model which estimate the Reference evapotranspiration (ET0), Effective Rainfall, Crop water requirement and Irrigation water requirement. After that we analyze the trend by using Mann-Kendall test. The result of the experiment revealed that the Average maximum temperature was 32.13±0.37℃ and average minimum temperature was 18.96±0.35℃ average rainfall estimated 638.45±170.92mm. The monthly analysis of maximum temperature for 30 years data revealed that the month of January has lowest maximum temperature while May month observes highest maximum temperature for all the nine Agroclimatic zones of Uttar Pradesh and the lowest minimum temperature was in month of January in all the agroclimatic zones. The monthly analysis of rainfall for time period (1992-2022) showed that for overall Uttar Pradesh region July, August month receives the highest amount of rainfall, while November, December month receives lowest rainfall.