The influence of the civilizational uniqueness of the Russian mentality on the nature of legal culture and legal understanding

Introduction. Under the influence of the current foreign policy situation, the problems of social sciences have become updated, focused on the study of Russian civilizational identity and the associated specifics of society and culture. In particular, this relates to the problem of identifying and studying the influence of civilizational prerequisites on the formation of stable characteristics of the legal consciousness of Russians. The article is devoted to the analysis of this problem Methods. Theoretical and methodological articles are the concepts of habitus by P. Bourdieu, who is able to consider pre-reflective unconscious patterns of economic behavior; concepts of mentality and, in particular, the rights of mentality; methodology of civilizational analysis, which makes it possible to identify commonalities and differences between Russian and government civilizations. The results and their discussion. The article shows that the influence of civilizational distance between Russia and the West on the legal culture of Russians occurs through the action of historically formed sociocultural characteristics, in particular, the specifics of the perception of the state as a sacralized authority. A civilizational analysis of the commonality and differences of legal culture in Russian and Western societies was carried out. On this basis, an operationalization of key theoretical concepts is proposed to develop a program for empirical sociological research on the state of the legal culture of the population of the South of Russia.