Advancing weathering steel through thermomechanical processing and simulation techniques

Abstract. Thermomechanical processing (TMP) techniques are pivotal in fabricating and advancing weathering steel, a high-strength, low-alloy steel admired for its exceptional corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal. Combined with numerical and physical simulation methods, these techniques optimize mechanical properties, microstructure, and overall weathering steel performance. Selecting an appropriate steel composition is crucial before applying TMP techniques. Alloying elements like copper, chromium, nickel, and phosphorus are carefully incorporated to enhance corrosion resistance. Once the steel composition is determined, numerical simulations are employed to model and predict the behavior of weathering steel during processing. Hot rolling is the first stage of thermomechanical processing in which weathering steel is heated and deformed in rolling mills. Additionally, numerical simulations can be employed to study other heat treatment steps, normalization and stress relieving, to optimize their parameters and impact on weathering steel's microstructure and mechanical properties. In conjunction with thermomechanical processing techniques, physical simulations, accelerated corrosion testing, and environmental exposure, help assess weathering steel's long-term performance and durability. These techniques provide valuable data on the formation and behaviour of protective patina, contributing to the steel's corrosion resistance. In summary, combining thermomechanical processing techniques and numerical and physical simulations enables the precise control and optimization of weathering steel's mechanical properties, microstructure, and corrosion resistance. These advancements contribute to the development and application of weathering steel in various industries, where its unique combination of mechanical performance, aesthetic appeal, and long-term durability is highly valued.