The Tropics
In 2023, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) transitioned to El Niño after three years of La Niña conditions. ENSO-neutral conditions were briefly present in the tropical Pacific between January–March and March–May, before El Niño conditions emerged in April–June. El Niño strengthened steadily through the second half of 2023, with the Oceanic Niño Index reaching a value of +1.9°C in October–December.
Authors
- Jing‐Jia Luo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-0638)
- Adam Allgood
- Kimberly M. Wood (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-5137)
- Hosmay Lopez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-8699)
- Zeng‐Zhen Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8485-3400)
- Stanley B. Goldenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6730-5819)
- Alexandre Bernardes Pezza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-2137)
- C. J. Schreck
- Carl J. Schreck (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-5754)
- Nicolas Fauchereau (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9152-906X)
- Philip J. Klotzbach (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-6241)
- Daniel S. Harnos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8741-1536)
- Eric S. Blake
- I.‐I. Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-8106)
- Matthew Rosencrans
- Chris Fogarty
- Andrew M. Lorrey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3181)
- Blair Trewin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-7885)
- Chris Landsea
- Andrew D. Magee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8831-6226)
- Emily Becker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5533-9891)
- Howard J. Diamond (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-0167)
- Michelle L’Heureux (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7095-9706)
- John A. Knaff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-1409)
- Richard J. Pasch
- Suzana J. Camargo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-5160)
- H. J. Diamond
- Ryan E. Truchelut (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-695X)
- Linda Paterson
- John Uehling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4306-4405)
- Caio A. S. Coelho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9695-5113)
- Craig Earl‐Spurr
- Randall S. Cerveny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-8022)
- Francis Bringas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-5464)
- Bin Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-108X)
- Lin Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6651-4627)
- Hui Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-5572)
- Arun Kumar
- Qiong He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-4367)
Institutions
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- Bureau of Meteorology (AU)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
- University of Hawaii System (US)
- North Carolina State University (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (US)
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (CN)
- Wellington City Council (NZ)
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories (US)
- NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (US)
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (US)
- NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (US)
- Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (US)
- NOAA Climate Prediction Center
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NZ)
- Arizona State University (US)
- NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (BR)
- Colorado State University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2024-08-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-24-0098.1
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Climate variability and models
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.70