Impact of Energy Drinks on Hepatic and Renal Tissues in Pregnant Wistar Rats

Popular non-alcoholic beverages that are consumed worldwide are energy drinks. Energy drinks' high caffeine content stimulates the central nervous system and heart. Energy drinks can cause hepatitis, liver damage, and an increase in the extraction of water and sodium. The liver and renal tissues of pregnant Wistar rats were studied following daily oral energy drink use. The study included three groups of pregnant rats: The control group received distilled water, the second group received low-dose energy drinks (5 ml/kg), and the third group received high-dose energy drinks (10 ml/kg). The findings demonstrated a significant rise (p<0.05) in the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and a substantial decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes in both treatment groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, the treated groups' liver and renal function parameters significantly increased. Energy drinks triggered histopathological changes in the liver and kidney tissues. The consumption of energy drinks during pregnancy could have a substantial detrimental effect on the health of pregnant rats.