Assessment of Vitamin D3 Levels in Cases of Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Assiut

Background: Pregnancy loss (PL) is a common adverse outcome of pregnancy that may be caused by multiple risk factors. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may be a possible risk factor for pregnancy loss.Aim of the Work: To evaluate serum vitamin D status in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and to determine the potential risk factors inducing vitamin D deficiency among women in the child bearing period.Methods: We conducted a matched case control study including 60 women with history of RPL, (with the last abortion of 6 months) and 60 women with normal pregnancy outcomes between August 2019 and August 2020. The data were collected by an interview questionnaire including baseline characteristics in addition to ultrasonography and blood samples for assessment of vitamin D level.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in 25-OH vitamin D levels between cases and controls (11.61 ± 4.82 in cases versus 12.73 ± 6.68 in controls, P=0.297) or in 25-OH vitamin D status as (48.3% in both study groups had severe deficiency, 43.3% & 35.0 had moderate deficiency and only 8.3% & 16.7% had normal levels in cases and controls respectively). VDD was associated with breastfeeding, insufficient sun exposure, darker skin, and insufficient nutritional intake. There was no association between vitamin D levels and BMI.Conclusion: The association between Vitamin D level and recurrent pregnancy loss could not be confirmed. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency should be assessed in all pregnant women with RPL.