Active Non-alignment and Global Governance

Abstract Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean—but also, more broadly, across the Global South—are being subjected to pressures from Washington and Beijing to take sides in what is emerging as a Second Cold War. How should countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America react to this ? The purpose of this essay is to outline one response that has arisen to it in Latin America; namely, Active Non-Alignment ( ANA ). The essay first examines the concept of ANA . Then, it deals with the reaction elicited across the Global South to the war in Ukraine, in what many have referred to as a “new non-alignment”. Finally, the essay examines the case of India, seen by many as a leader of the Global South, and Africa. ANA provides a useful guide to action for the foreign policy of postcolonial states to navigate the stormy waters of a world order in transition.