When repeated biopsy dramatically changes treatment tactics in metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer with neuroendocrine transformation: clinical case and literature review

Neuroendocrine neoplasia of the prostate gland is a rather rare neuroendocrine carcinoma characterized by poor prognosis. With an atypical course of prostate adenocarcinoma in certain cases, it is possible to suspect development of secondary neuroendocrine cancer. A timely repeat biopsy and correct diagnosis can affect both the patient’s life expectancy and his quality of life.