Lattice Boltzmann simulation of direct-current glow discharge at low pressure

To analyze electro-hydrodynamic behavior of low pressure direct-current glow discharge plasma, we propose a numerical model based on the lattice Boltzmann method and the drift-diffusion theory of gas discharge. In our model, three plasma species (excited species, electrons and ions) are considered with eight elementary chemical reactions among them and standard lattice Boltzmann method, finite difference-lattice Boltzmann method and finite difference method are employed for electrons, heavy species (ions and excited species) and electric potential, respectively. The proposed model introduces a unique coupling scheme between electrons and heavy species using a consistent time step and grid, enhancing accuracy and stability of numerical simulations. Our model is applied to one- and two-dimensional analyses of glow discharge, and the results are in good agreement with those from previous works.