Logical and gnoseological characteristics of the topic of scientific research

The purpose of the study is to identify the logical and epistemological nature and properties of the topic of scientific research as a form of organization and development of scientific knowledge. The article examines the problematic situation in the modern Russian theory of scientific cognition related to the interpretation of the concept of a topic, the stages of thematization, the place of problematization in it, the cognitive functions of the topic. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that a new concept of thematization as a dialectical and logical process of the development of scientific knowledge is proposed and rationally justified. As a result, it is revealed that the process of thematization begins with the analysis of an objective contradiction formed in practice, goes through the constitution of a scientific problem, the definition of an object and subject, the formulation of a research goal and ends with the synthesis of definitions of an object and subject and the formulation of a goal into a complex logical and epistemological form of the organization of scientific knowledge - the research topic.