Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Reasoning and Treatment Strategy

Idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease (IOID) is a rare and poorly understood condition characterized by inflammation of the orbital tissues without an identifiable cause. This disorder can lead to symptoms such as proptosis, pain, and visual disturbances. We present the case of an eight-year-old female diagnosed with IOID who was admitted to the hospital with worsening right eye redness, proptosis, and pain. Her clinical course included significant right eye lagophthalmos, exposure keratopathy, and a corneal ulcer. Management involved a multidisciplinary approach with consultations from ophthalmology and rheumatology, treatment with corticosteroids, and supportive care. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and a comprehensive management strategy to improve outcomes for patients with IOID.