Axiological and cultural codes of verbal semantics in the context of machine translation (based on the verbs of the Russian, Tatar and English languages)

The aim of the research is to identify, based on verbs of the Russian, Tatar and English languages, axiological and cultural codes in the context of machine translation. Axiological and cultural codes hold considerable sway over the meanings conveyed in various languages. Both sets of codes are vital facets of language semantics, particularly within the realm of machine translation. The scientific originality of the research lies in the study of the verbs of the Russian, Tatar and English languages, followed by the reconstruction and description of the behavioral code of the speakers of these languages, which is represented by the norms, prohibitions and imperatives existing in these linguistic communities. As a result, the article delves into the norms and values inherent in the semantics of behavioral verbs. The study shows that people from different language communities not only perceive the concept of human behavior in the same way, but also convey the cultural features of that behavior differently in their language. This means that although the basic ideas about human behavior may be similar, each culture has its own unique codes of expressing these ideas through language. Linguistic and cultural elements identified through comparative analysis are crucial for accurate word representation in dictionaries, thesauri, databases, and text corpora, especially in machine translation, where ignorance of a specific axiological code reflecting the value system of a particular culture can lead to cognitive discontinuity, interpretive error, and even cultural conflict. Attention to axiological aspects of verb semantics is essential for the development of more advanced and culturally sensitive machine translation systems.