Complex stands in forested tropical landscapes harbor more endemic biodiversity and ecosystem functions
Transformation of forests into agricultural lands threatens biodiversity and ecosystem functions globally. In the biodiversity hotspot Madagascar, key ecosystem functions along with highly endemic flora and fauna are under threat. Comprehensive studies identifying determinants of biodiversity and ecosystem function losses are lacking, with no studies accounting for endemic species richness across multiple taxa. We assess how plot-scale stand structural attributes (basal area, leaf area index, diameter diversity, and tree species richness) and landscape-scale forest cover influence biodiversity (species richness of butterflies, ants, birds, reptiles, amphibians, herbaceous plants, and multidiversity) and ecosystem functions (soil organic carbon, predation rate, acoustic diversity, and multifunctionality) in the tropical mosaic landscape of northeastern Madagascar. Complexly structured stands with a larger basal area and/or a higher tree species richness promoted greater endemic multidiversity (R² = 0.70), soil organic carbon, and acoustic diversity. However, our models did not indicate significant explanatory variables for multidiversity (R² = 0.25) and multifunctionality (R² = 0.43). Landscape-scale forest cover significantly favored endemic bird species richness. Our findings highlight that a simplified stand structure, resulting from land-use change, substantially reduces endemic biodiversity and ecosystem functions in this historically forested region. Conservation actions should aim at maintaining complex stand structure in forests and agroforests, while restoration interventions should focus on re-building such structures.
Authors
- Dominic A. Martin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-2278)
- Aristide Andrianarimisa
- Marie Rolande Soazafy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-1965)
- Dominik Schwab (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-3859)
- Kristina Osen
- Anjaharinony A. N. A. Rakotomalala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-3390)
- Bakolimalala Rakouth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-2006)
- Annemarie Wurz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-374X)
- Ingo Graß (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-1940)
- Rindrasoa Rajaonarimalala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4188-487X)
- Saskia Dröge (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8691-1080)
- Teja Tscharntke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-3178)
- Lala Harivelo Raveloson Ravaomanarivo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8009-9172)
- Fanomezana M. Ratsoavina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1661-1669)
- Thio Rosin Fulgence (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-7282)
- Romual Randriamanantena
- Dirk Hölscher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-3102)
- Yevgeniya Korol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-5368)
- Estelle Raveloaritiana
- Holger Kreft (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-8236)
- Hery Lisy Tiana Ranarijaona (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7492-4850)
Institutions
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Antananarivo (MG)
- Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (BE)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Université de Mahajanga (MG)
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Global Ecology and Conservation
- Published
- 2024-08-23
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03154
- Citations
- 7
- Primary Topic
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.84
Funders
- Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst
- Volkswagen Foundation
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen