Gender Disparities in the Association Between Educational Attainment and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Cross-Sectional Study
Low education was associated with adverse CKM health for both sexes but was especially detrimental to women. Such sex-specific educational disparity was closely correlated with health behavior but could not be completely attenuated by behavior modification. These findings highlight the disadvantage faced by women in CKM health ascribed to low education, underscoring the need for public health support to address this inequality.
Authors
- Yufang Bi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-5915)
- Y. Zhang
- Jiajun Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3267-9292)
- Yiming Mu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-3540)
- Jieli Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-0896)
- Zuojie Luo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2377-6357)
- Y Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-8097)
- Xuefeng Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-9321)
- Lixin Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0389-2732)
- Qiuyu Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0506-4574)
- Xulei Tang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-450X)
- Yanan Huo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-9171)
- Yu Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-8309)
- Yi Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8647-0275)
- Zhiyun Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-2732)
- Guijun Qin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2503-7534)
- Tiange Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0723-489X)
- Guang Ning (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-7635)
- Zhen Ye
- Ruying Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-9193)
- Tianshu Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-7151)
- Guixia Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8107-616X)
- Qing Su (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7945-1258)
- Zhengnan Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0077-8758)
- Chao Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-9305)
- Weiqing Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6027-3084)
- Li Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-8062)
- Gang Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-2384)
- Lulu Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-9231)
- Yuhong Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-2283)
- Qin Wan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-1416)
- Li Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-8644)
- Tao Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6375-3622)
- Mian Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6514-2729)
- Min Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-8718)
- Xiaoli Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6761-503X)
- Huacong Deng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-1009)
- Xianglin Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-5866)
- Shengli Wu
- Yingfen Qin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7715-7311)
- Qiang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-7883)
- Feixia Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-0041)
- Jiaojiao Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9231-3578)
- Youjin Jiang
Institutions
- Fujian Medical University (CN)
- Nanchang University (CN)
- Shandong University (CN)
- Harbin Medical University (CN)
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Guangxi Medical University (CN)
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Jilin University (CN)
- Anhui Medical University (CN)
- Wenzhou Medical University (CN)
- XinHua Hospital (CN)
- Ruijin Hospital (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (CN)
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University (CN)
- Jiading District Central Hospital (CN)
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital (CN)
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital (CN)
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (CN)
- Shandong Provincial Hospital (CN)
- First Hospital of Jilin University (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University (CN)
- Wuhan Union Hospital (CN)
- The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CN)
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (CN)
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (CN)
- Fujian Provincial Hospital (CN)
- Karamay Central Hospital (CN)
- Jiangsu Province Hospital (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (CN)
- Tongji Hospital (CN)
- Chinese People's Liberation Army (CN)
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (CN)
- First Hospital of Lanzhou University (CN)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Lanzhou University (CN)
- Nanjing Medical University (CN)
- Chongqing Medical University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
- Published
- 2024-08-23
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2196/57920
- Citations
- 21
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 8.44