Spectrum Sharing Through Marketplaces for O-RAN Based Non-Terrestrial and Terrestrial Networks

Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), including low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, play a critical role in achieving comprehensive Internet-of-Things (IoT) coverage in sixth-generation (6G) systems. Despite the assignment of specific frequency bands, the persistent issue of spectrum scarcity necessitates the implementation of efficient spectrum-sharing strategies. This article investigates the utilization of spectrum marketplaces tailored for NTNs and terrestrial networks (TNs) utilizing open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture. The importance of spectrum utilization is underscored by the deployment of satellite-based IoT services over expansive areas, including remote regions and open seas. We demonstrate that spectrum sharing, especially crucial for satellite-based IoT deployments spanning vast geographical areas, can be facilitated through spectrum marketplaces. Furthermore, we show that O-RAN is well-suited to spectrum-sharing strategies for NTNs, TNs, and their combinations.