Resilience of supply chains for essential goods and services

Reliability of the supply chains for products and services that are critical to any given nation is vital to security and people’s well-being. This paper aims to discuss how the vulnerability of the supply chain for basic products including food, water, and pharmaceutical products can be reduced. Some of these are diversification, stock management, and technology such as blockchain and IoT. A detailed discussion of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and other similar occurrences on supply chains is provided to stress the need for resilience. The paper also analyses the measures and policies applied by the government to enhance supply chain management and the suggestions for further development.