Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Updated Review

Background: Metabolic syndrome is an increasing health problem worldwide. It is a syndrome encompassing the presence of central obesity and two of the three following criteria: high blood pressure, impaired glucose metabolism, and elevated non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol level (atherogenic dyslipidaemia) It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to explore the association between metabolic syndrome and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: The current literature on metabolic syndrome connection with chronic musculoskeletal pain has been reviewed and the evidence is collected to explore the above objectives. Results: A total of 17 studies were included in this review among which 16 studies supported that there is a clear association between metabolic syndrome and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: The results of this review suggest a positive association existed between the presence of chronic musculoskeletal pain and metabolic syndrome components. Awareness of this association could enable an early MS diagnosis and the implementation of preventative measures. Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain, Fibromyalgia, Knee Pain, Neck Pain, Shoulder Pain, Low back pain