Exploring the Impact of Metaphors on Resilience in Art Therapy Using Mixed Methods

The use of metaphors in art making for individuals experiencing chronic stress or trauma can enhance their psychological resilience. This study explored the therapeutic value of metaphors in improving resilience among distressed individuals in art therapy using mixed methods. Six female university students with a history of highly stressful or traumatic events participated in a two-week online painting program, creating either metaphorical or non-metaphorical paintings. Pre and post-treatment questionnaires assessed resilience factors, including global resilience, self-awareness, self-efficacy, and communication skills. Post-treatment interviews were conducted to explore subjective changes in resilience. The interviews revealed several themes, including greater affect recognition, acceptance of life circumstances, and a more remarkable ability to redefine their lives. Although questionnaire scores showed no significant increases in resilience during the intervention, the results suggest that metaphors can facilitate resilience-building mechanisms in art therapy.