A Dynamic Iwan Model to Describe the Impact Failure of Bolted Joints

Due to the nonlinearity of the contact interface, as well as the material, jointed structures exhibit complex mechanical behaviors under impact loading. In order to accurately characterize the dynamic response of a joint, this work presents a nonlinear dynamic model (DICF model). First, the effects of loading velocity, preload and friction coefficient on the displacement–load curve are discussed based on a validated finite element model. Numerical simulation results show that the critical load and critical displacement are linearly related to the normalized logarithmic velocity and linearly related to the normalized preload and friction coefficient. Subsequently, a DICF model that consists of sliding, collision and failure is proposed. The constitutive relations of the model are derived, and dynamic correction functions are introduced to characterize the effects of velocity, preload and friction coefficient. A parameter identification method for the model is also provided. Finally, the DICF model is compared with the finite element simulation results, with an error of 0.43% for quasi-static conditions, a minimum error of 0.17% and a maximum error of −1.41% for impact conditions, in addition to significantly improved accuracy compared to the EC3 model, which indicates that it can effectively capture the behavior of bolted joints under impact loading conditions.