Piezoelectric Nanofibers for Noninvasive Wearable Blood Pressure Monitoring

We present a study on the development of piezoelectric nanofibers for wearable hemodynamic sensing by incorporating nanoparticle doping of piezoelectric nanofibers. The composite material was characterized using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and a tensile test. The material was also evaluated in a custom-built pressure chamber. Achieving optimal sensor performance, the study identified 20 wt % BTO composite materials as ideal, with a peak voltage output of 0.12 V. Higher concentrations presented electrospinning difficulties, compromising material consistency. Quantitative analysis through fast Fourier transform (FFT) and digital bandpass filtering precisely isolated physiological signals, notably respiration and heartbeat, demonstrated accurate detection capabilities at frequencies of 0.2, 1.35, and 2.65 Hz, indicative of the targeted physiological processes. The results demonstrate promising potential for the use of these materials in future wearable hemodynamic sensing applications.