Multicolor Fully Light-Modulated Artificial Synapse Based on P-MoSe₂/P_<i>x</i>O_<i>y</i> Heterostructured Memristor

Developing brain-inspired neuromorphic paradigms is imperative to breaking through the von Neumann bottleneck. The emulation of synaptic functionality has motivated the exploration of optoelectronic memristive devices as high-performance artificial synapses, yet the realization of such a modulatory terminal capable of full light-modulation, especially near-infrared stimuli, remains a challenge. Here, a fully light-modulated synaptic memristor is reported on a P-MoSe₂/P_<i>x</i>O_<i>y</i> heterostructure formed by a facile one-step selenization process. The results demonstrate successful achievement of multiwavelength (visible 470 nm to near-infrared 808 nm) modulated switching operations (reset in 0.21-0.97 V) and diverse synaptic behaviors, including postsynaptic current, paired-pulse facilitation, short- and long-term memory (STM and LTM), and learning-forgetting. Notably, the device can exhibit a 3.42 μA PSC increase under six identical 655 nm stimuli, a 11.90-46.24 μA PSC modulation by changing 808 nm light intensity from 6 to 14 mW/cm², and a transition from STM to LTM lasting between 2.47 and 4.27 s by a prolonged 808 nm pulse from 1 to 30 s. A novel possible light-induced switching mechanism in such a heterostructure is proposed. Furthermore, brain-like light-stimulated memory behavior and Pavlov's classical conditioning demonstrate the device's capacity for processing complex inputs. The study presents a design toward a multiwavelength modulated artificial visual system for color recognition.