Enhanced energy transfer via surface plasmons in ternary liquid systems of coumarin-151, ethanol, and benzaldehyde

This investigation explores the plasmonic effect on molecular fluorescence within ternary liquid systems comprising 7-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl) coumarin (C-151) laser dye, ethanol, and benzaldehyde. A key aspect of our investigation involves examining ZrN nanosphere and ZrN nanoshell within these mixtures, marking the first instance of such an analysis in ZrN and ternary liquid compositions. Utilizing experimentally obtained refractive indices, we evaluate resonance peaks in the spectra and their shifts. Our findings reveal improved fluorescence characteristics in C-151 laser dye with the addition of ZrN nanoparticles. Theoretical results suggest that plasmonic nanoparticles play a significant role in enhancing dye fluorescence. These findings deepen our understanding of plasmonics in complex liquid environments and highlight ZrN's potential as an effective alternative plasmonic material for efficient molecular energy transfer at the nanoscale.