Mycoplasma genitalium retrospective audit of Northern Territory isolates from 2022

The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Australia; however, the local prevalence of <i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i> (<i>M. genitalium</i>) has not been previously determined. This study was designed to review <i>M. genitalium</i> detection, to determine the regional NT prevalence and macrolide resistance rates. In our study the NT background prevalence of <i>M. genitalium</i> is 13%, with the highest detection rates occurring in central Australia and in correctional facility inmates. Symptomatic patients attending sexual health clinics have a positivity rate of 12%, but very high macrolide resistance. The decision to screen for <i>M. genitalium</i> should be based on several factors, including the prevalence of the infection in the local population; the availability of effective treatments; and the potential benefits and risks of detection and therapy.