The impact of diet, physical activity, and sleep habits on obesity risk among female teachers in Lhokseumawe City

Unhealthy living behaviors and the double workload of female teachers have led to lifestyle changes that have an impact on the risk of obesity. This study aimed to determine the influence of diet, physical activity, and sleep habits on the risk of obesity among female teachers in Lhokseumawe City. This cross-sectional design research was conducted in Lhokseumawe City from November 2023 to April 2024 on 289 female teachers using multistage random sampling. Eating patterns were measured using a semi-FFQ questionnaire, physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), sleeping patterns using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and body mass index (BMI) using anthropometric measurements. Bivariate analysis uses the chi-square test and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. The results show, Physical activity (p=0.023, RP=2.295) and fat intake (p=0.007, RP=0.484) influenced the incidence of obesity, whereas carbohydrate intake (p=0.622), energy (0.524), protein (0.225), type of food (0.066), and sleep patterns (0.138) did not affect the incidence of obesity among female teachers in Lhokseumawe City. Conclusion: Physical activity is a dominant risk factor for obesity. The risk of obesity was 2.295 times greater for female teachers who were not physically active.