Safety System Study of Gas Stations Based on Preliminary Hazard Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis

This study evaluates the safety management system at Xuefu Gas Station in Xiangtan City of China through a combination of Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Initially, PHA was employed to identify potential hazards and assess the probability of associated accidents. This analysis led to the formulation of preventive measures aimed at mitigating identified risks. Subsequently, FTA was utilized to construct a logical framework for analyzing the various causes of system failures and their interdependencies. The analysis revealed deficiencies in the management system, equipment, ignition sources, and human factors. An approximate calculation method was applied to rank the structural importance of these factors, thereby highlighting key areas of impact. Based on these findings, targeted recommendations were proposed to enhance the safety management practices at the gas station, thereby reducing accident likelihood and safeguarding personnel and property. The results underscore the necessity of improving management practices, upgrading equipment, controlling ignition sources, and bolstering human factors to achieve a comprehensive safety management system.