CAUSES OF LEAKS AND PROTECTION AGAINST WETTING OF STRUCTURES OF EXPLOITED COATINGS OF UNDERGROUND PREMISES

The article presents the examples of exploitedcoatings of underground premises, the structuresof which are damaged due to leakage of the ceiling.The main causes of leakage, as well as features ofstructures that contribute to the development ofdamage, are considered.The following are the main results of the surveyof three objects with underground premises, on thefloor of which an exploited coating is arranged:1) an underground parking lot, on the floor ofwhich there is an open parking lot;2) the basement of a residential building, abovewhich there is an open terrace;3) technical basement rooms of the theater abovewhich the terrace of the main entrance islocated.The floors of the mentioned objects are madeof different structures, but they all have leaks ofdifferent intensity. Comparing the results of theirexamination makes it possible to reveal the influenceof the features of the structural solutions of thefloor and roof and to provide recommendations forimproving the reliability of the waterproofing of theused coatings.The results of a detailed survey of the structureslocated under the roof of the terrace of the mainentrance of the puppet theater in Kyiv are presented.It is noted that leaks in the roofs of undergroundpremises cause corrosion damage to structures,destruction of equipment, and also complicate theoperation of technological equipment.During the inspection, significant damage to themetal beams of the floor was found. The indicatorsof corrosion damage to the beams were determined,and their residual bearing capacity was calculated.Recommendations for drainage and repair of thewaterproofing of the terrace of the main entranceare provided.Based on the generalization of the results of thesurvey of various objects, measures are recommendedto prevent the wetting of underground premiseswith an exploited coating, as well as to increase thereliability of waterproofing of their structures.