GC–MS analysis and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using <i>Emblica officinalis</i> leaves and evaluation of its antioxidant and <i>in-vitro</i> anti-hypercholesterolemic potential

Currently, various heart conditions, such as hyperlipidaemia, are causing fear among people worldwide. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were produced using Emblica Officinallis leaf extract (EOLE). The synthesis of EOLEAgNPs was examined using UV-visible spectrophotometry at 430 nm, while the shape was determined through SEM analysis. The EDX detected a clear peak of silver (Ag) at 3.4 keV, whereas XRD exhibited a peak distribution at 2 θ° values. The TEM demonstrated a protective layer (100 nm) surrounding EOLEAgNPs. The FTIR (400-4000 cm−1) suggests the phyto-compounds that caused the reduction of AgNO3 to Ag0 ions. The EOLEAgNPs showed a lower value (IC50 = 0.12) and greater antioxidant effects compared to EOLE (IC50 = 4.9). In fact, we discovered that the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme activity of EOLEAgNPs (75.38 ± 0.06) was greater than that of EOLE (37.36 ± 0.03). E. officinallis have a high level of polyphenolics as detected by GCMS-MS. Our research results in the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme by EOLEAgNPs, which can effectively treat hyperlipidaemia and promote the development of lipid-lowering biomedicines.