Sustainable practices in brazilian and global agriculture in the 21st century

With population growth, the demand for food is increasing, making sustainable practices in agriculture essential to ensure food security, reduce production costs, and mitigate environmental impacts such as climate change. It is crucial to improve the quality and quantity of food production without causing harm to the environment, preserving existing agricultural areas without expanding into new regions. The objective of this literature review is to present information on some contemporary agricultural techniques used in Brazil and around the world that promote sustainability in the 21st century. Practices such as no-till farming, crop rotation, the cover crops use, integrated crop-livestock-forestry system, and the use of beneficial microorganisms exemplify the available sustainable approaches. It is concluded that these practices have great potential for more conscious agriculture, but more studies on their application are needed. The pursuit of sustainable agriculture is a necessary path, not an option.