A case study of economic development through sanitation interventions in African countries

Abstract The novelty of the study is based on the empirical examination of the impact of water and sanitation improvements on economic development outcomes in selected African countries. While previous research has primarily focused on the macroeconomic effects of water resources or broad development indicators, this study takes a more granular and comprehensive approach to unpack the nuanced relationship between various water and sanitation variables and a range of economic development outcomes. This study's aim is threefold: first to examine the influence of different dimensions of water and sanitation improvements (e.g., access, quality, reliability) on economic development; second; focus on the potential mediating factors that water and sanitation interventions affect economic development; finally, propose policy implications for designing sustainable water and sanitation programs to promote inclusive and resilient economic growth in less developed countries. By addressing these questions, the findings of this research paper contribute significantly to the academic understanding of the water‐sanitation‐economic development nexus, particularly in the understudied African context. The study provides valuable, context‐specific insights that can inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking evidence‐based strategies to foster sustainable development through targeted water and sanitation interventions. This research highlights the positive association between water and sanitation improvements and a range of economic development outcomes, including GDP, employment, foreign investment, and tourism. The results underscore the substantial potential economic benefits of investing in sanitary infrastructure and reliable sanitation systems, making a stronger case for prioritizing water and sanitation as key drivers of sustainable development in less developed countries. Overall, this research paper fills an important gap in the literature and offers crucial insights to promote inclusive and resilient economic growth through water and sanitation interventions in Africa and beyond.