A decade in perspective: Gains and gaps in water policy and practice

Welcome to the third issue of 2024, celebrating 10 years of World Water Policy Journal. In this issue, we bring you another 19 contributions from around the world, where emerging water professionals and senior professionals, alike, are addressing the growing challenges of water management. Our 10th year of World Water Policy is a good point in time to look both backwards and forwards. Back in September 2014, when this journal was first published by Policy Studies Organization as New Water Policy and Practice, our first Editorial established the journal's intentions: to encourage and drive transversal approaches to the development of new and innovative methods that link theory and practice, management and policy, that address the real challenges faced by people around the world, and to provide a platform for new and emerging water leaders and thinkers to make an even greater contribution to finding the solutions so necessary to address the world's current and future water challenges (Camkin & Neto, 2014). Ten years later, in our Editorial for World Water Policy Issue 10.2, we noted that the water cycle, its territorial links, the environment, economic uses and resources, and governance all require boosting competence and strategic vision (Neto & Camkin, 2024a). Whilst there have been some great steps forward in water management in those 10 years, the challenges have also grown. Neither the essential competencies nor the required strategic visions are in sufficient abundance, increasing the demand on real agents for change (Neto & Camkin, 2024b). Experiential and academic learning to build the necessary knowledge, skills, leadership, and wisdom required to successfully manage the world's water are more critical now than ever. And they will be even more critical in the future. World Water Policy Journal will continue to play its role, as will many others around the world. It was our pleasure, therefore, to invite two colleagues who have also been active in water capacity and leadership development over a long period, Wouter Lincklaen Arriëns and Brian McIntosh, to take a glance in the rearview mirror and peer into the crystal ball, and to also share their ideas on what is needed for the future of water policy, practice, and the learning that supports them. In their Guest Editorial, What we are missing for SDG6: Water leaders at all levels in our workplaces, Wouter and Brian ask whether there has been a lost decade for water capacity development globally, share their insights from over a decade of experience in water leadership development, and make a renewed call for action on water leadership development. Seventeen research papers then follow. In the first paper, A Case Study of Economic Development through Sanitation Interventions in African Countries, Doaa Salman Abdou and co-authors report on their study of the influence of different dimensions of water and sanitation improvements on economic development and discuss the policy implications for designing sustainable water and sanitation programs to promote inclusive and resilient economic growth in less developed countries. In The Four Misses of Agricultural Water Husbandry in the Maghreb, Adel Zeggaf Tahiri and co-authors discuss the increasing focus on agricultural water management in the context of recurring droughts and intensifying tensions between sectors over water use. The authors propose a set of remedies to help ensure Maghreb countries can achieve sustainable development and still benefit from the contribution of irrigated agriculture to food security and GDPs. In Harnessing Green Microbiology for Sustainable Water Management: Current Advances and Future Prospects, Adenike A Akinsemolu and co-authors present an in-depth review of recent developments and prospects in utilizing green microbiology for sustainable water management, delving deeply into microbial processes integral to water management, such as degrading pollutants and using biosensors for quality monitoring of drinking water supplies. Ahmed Falih Al-ysari and co-authors discuss the importance of water conservation and sustainable water use practices to encourage healthy plant growth, maintain appropriate soil moisture levels, and preserve the often-forgotten ecological functions of marshes in their paper The Effect of Natural Factors on Changing Soil Uses in the Marshes: An Experimental Study Using Landsat Satellite Data. In their contribution Cropping decisions under water stress: Evidence from Cauvery Delta Region, India, Jyoti Nair and co-authors report on their analysis of adaptation strategies of 152 farm households in response to a range of constraints, including water stress, which can have a significant impact on household livelihoods. In Recurrent neural networks and sensitivity analysis for accurate monthly evapotranspiration estimation in the region of Fez, Morocco, Nisrine Lachgar and co-authors demonstrate the potential of employing data-driven techniques for evapotranspiration estimation to improve the efficacy of water management strategies in the face of changing environmental conditions. Kent Anson Locke makes a strong case for ongoing research into the impacts of Land use/land cover (LULC) on water resources in the paper Integrated Water Resources Management and the Land-Water Nexus: A South African Perspective, highlighting the importance of accurate models to provide stakeholders and policymakers with the necessary motivation, knowledge, and understanding. Factors influencing water strategy objectives fulfillment: Survey findings from Sudan is the title of an interesting contribution from Eitigani Abdelgalil and co-authors in which they contribute to understanding the social dimensions of water management and development through their analysis of stakeholder views on the causes of success, or otherwise, of water strategies. Md Wasim Akram and co-authors report on their examination of physicochemical characteristics and hazardous elements in local groundwater resources in their contribution, Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purposes of Malda District, India: Using WQI and GIS technique, highlighting the importance of remediation measures to address high concentrations of trace metals that pose potential health risks. In Bulk water services delivery challenges in the Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality in South Africa's Northwest Province, Nelda Mouton and co-authors present their analysis of the difficulties in providing bulk water services at the municipality level, emphasizing the importance of fostering a collaborative work environment, promoting organizational learning, implementing effective change management, and proposing several key steps forward. Promoting the potabilization of drinking water at home using local materials as an alternative solution for combating waterborne diseases: Socioeconomic feasibility study in Dschang, West Cameroon is the title of the contribution from Godffroy Rostant Pokam Djoko and co-authors. In this paper, the authors identify an opportunity to address several socio-economic and health problems in Cameroon by promoting the local production of water filters. Fatiha Mchiouer and co-authors discuss the causes and impacts of seasonal variations in groundwater quality and the need for treatment before consumption in their paper, Seasonal assessment of groundwater quality in the Al Hoceima region, northern Morocco: Physicochemical parameters and fecal contamination indicators. In Ecological Perspectives on Water Quality and Zooplankton Diversity in the Ravi River, Rakesh Kumar reports on a study to investigate the habitat ecology in relation to zooplankton abundance of Ravi River, finding that anthropogenic activities like municipal dumping, sand mining, and altered water flow have negatively impacted water quality and zooplankton diversity in the Ravi River. To complete this issue, we present a four-paper mini-feature on Ethiopia. In Analyzing groundwater storage anomalies in data-scarce areas of Ethiopia's Rift Valley Basin using artificial neural network, Abera Shigute Nannawo and co-authors examine and discuss the importance of understanding the effect of groundwater storage anomalies in the development of regulatory frameworks that support the long-term availability of groundwater. Tsegahun Asfaw Abebe and co-authors then report on their examination of water quality in their paper, Physicochemical and microbiological assessment of multi-village drinking water source in diarrheal hotspot areas of north Shoa zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, with findings that can serve as a valuable evidence base for informing policy decisions and for guiding practical interventions. In Revisiting the global weights of the integrated watershed health assessment framework and Weyib watershed health analysis: Ethiopia's policy prospects, Mesfin Reta Aredo and co-authors evaluated the recently developed Integrated Watershed Health Assessment Framework with promising results, but also propose strategies to address bottlenecks in some areas. Lastly, returning to an earlier topic, Kindie Zewdie Werede and co-authors present the results of their multi-tool analysis in the paper Modeling streamflow responses to land use and land cover change using MIKE SHE model in the upper Omo Gibe catchment of Ethiopia. As always, we thank all our authors for their fine contributions and the dozens of reviewers who volunteered their time to support this issue of World Water Policy. We trust you will enjoy reading another rich collection of insights from around the world into water policy, practice, and the learning that supports them. The next issue of World Water Policy, to be published in November 2024, will be a special issue on Water Diplomacy and Water Security. We look forward to presenting a rich collection of research and experience-based reflections on what can and should be done in the regions where access to water and related services is still, or increasingly becoming, a driver for segregation and insecurity, and an impediment to the human right to water. We appreciate your interest in World Water Policy and look forward to your contributions in the future. Our best wishes Jeff Camkin, Susana Neto 十年回顾:水政策和实践的进步与差距 Jeff Camkin1 and Susana Neto1,2 1Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 2Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Correspondence Jeff Camkin, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia Email: [email protected] 欢迎阅读2024年《世界水政策杂志》的第三期, 同时庆祝本刊创刊10周年。 本期中, 我们为您带来来自世界各地的另外19篇文章, 其中新兴水务专业人士和高级专业人士都在应对日益严峻的水管理挑战。 《世界水政策》出版的十周年是回顾过去和展望未来的好时机。2014年9月, 当本刊首次由政策研究组织以《新水政策与实践》为名出版时, 我们的第一篇社论确立了该期刊的宗旨:“鼓励和推动横向方法, 以开发新型创新方法来将理论与实践、管理与政策相联系, 解决世界各地人民面临的实际挑战, 并为新兴水资源领导者和思想家提供一个平台, 让他们为‘寻找解决世界当前和未来水资源挑战所必需的解决方案'作出更大贡献”(Camkin and Neto, 2014)。 十年后, 我们在《世界水政策》第10卷第2期的社论中指出:水循环、其领土联系、环境、经济用途和资源、以及治理都需要更高的能力和战略眼光 (Neto and Camkin, 2024a)。虽然在这10年中, 水管理取得了一些重大进展, 但挑战也随之增加。基本能力和所需的战略眼光都不够充足, 这增加了对真正的变革推动者的需求 (Neto and Camkin, 2024b)。现在比以往任何时候都更需要通过体验式和学术式学习来培养用于成功管理世界水资源所需的必要知识、技能、领导力和智慧。它们在未来将变得更加重要。《世界水政策杂志》将继续发挥作用, 世界各地的许多其他杂志也一样。 因此, 我们非常荣幸地邀请两位长期活跃于水能力和领导力发展的同事——Wouter Lincklaen Arriëns和Brian McIntosh——邀请他们回顾过去, 展望未来, 并就“未来水政策、实践、‘支持政策和实践'的学习所需的条件”分享观点。在他们的客座社论《可持续发展目标6缺少什么:工作场所中的各级水领导者》中, Wouter和Brian探究了全球水能力发展是否已经错失十年, 分享了他们基于十多年水领导力发展经验的见解, 并再次呼吁采取行动来发展水领导力。 接下来是17篇研究论文。在第一篇论文《非洲国家通过卫生设施干预措施以实现经济发展的案例研究》中, Doaa Salman Abdou与合著者研究了水和卫生设施在不同层面的改善对经济发展的影响, 并讨论了对“设计可持续的水和卫生设施项目以促进欠发达国家的包容性及弹性经济增长”的政策启示。在《马格里布农业水利管理的四个失误》一文中, Adel Zeggaf Tahiri与合著者讨论了在“干旱频发和部门间因用水问题而产生的紧张关系加剧”这一情境下, 对农业水管理的日益关注。作者提出了一系列补救措施, 以帮助确保马格里布地区国家能够实现可持续发展, 同时仍然受益于灌溉农业对粮食安全和GDP的贡献。在《利用绿色微生物学实现可持续水管理:当前进展与未来前景》一文中, Adenike A Akinsemolu与合著者深度述评了利用绿色微生物学实现可持续水管理的最新发展和前景, 深入研究了与水管理不可或缺的微生物过程, 例如降解污染物和使用生物传感器监测饮用水供应的质量。 Ahmed Falih Al-ysari与合著者在他们的论文《自然因素对沼泽土壤用途变化的影响:使用 Landsat卫星数据的实验研究》中讨论了节水和可持续用水实践对“促进植物健康生长、保持适当的土壤湿度和保护经常被遗忘的沼泽生态功能”的重要性。在《缺水下的种植决策:来自印度卡弗里三角洲地区的证据》一文中, Jyoti Nair与合著者分析了152个农户就应对一系列制约因素(包括缺水)而采取的适应策略, 这些制约因素会对家庭生计产生重大影响。在《循环神经网络和敏感性分析用于精确估计摩洛哥非斯地区的月蒸散量》一文中, Nisrine Lachgar与合著者证明了采用数据驱动技术进行蒸散量估算的潜力, 以期在不断变化的环境条件下提高水管理策略的效能。 Locke和Kent Anson在《水资源综合管理和土地-水关系:南非视角》一文中证明了有关“土地利用/土地覆盖 (LULC)对水资源的影响”的持续研究, 强调了精准模型的重要性, 以期为利益攸关方和决策者提供必要的动机、知识和理解。Eitigani Abdelgalil及其合著者撰写了一篇有趣的论文《实现水战略目标的影响因素:苏丹的调查结果》, 他们通过分析利益攸关方对水战略成功或失败原因的看法, 进而对“理解水管理和发展的社会层面”一事作贡献。Md Wasim Akram及其合著者在其论文《印度马尔达地区以饮用为目的的地下水质量评估:使用WQI和GIS技术》中报告了他们对当地地下水资源的理化特性和有害元素的检验, 强调了补救措施对“应对可能带来健康风险的高浓度微量金属”一事的重要性。 在《南非西北省Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati区市镇的散装水服务交付挑战》一文中, Nelda Mouton与合著者分析了市镇一级在提供散装水服务方面面临的困难, 强调了营造协作工作环境、促进组织学习、以及实施有效变革管理的重要性, 并提出了几个关键的前进步骤。Godffroy Rostant Pokam Djoko与合著者撰写的论文标题为《利用当地材料作为对抗水传播疾病的替代解决方案, 以促进家庭饮用水的安全饮用性:西喀麦隆Dschang的社会经济可行性研究》。在这篇论文中, 作者通过促进水过滤器的本地生产, 识别了用于应对喀麦隆若干社会经济及健康问题的机会。Fatiha Mchiouer与合著者在《摩洛哥北部胡塞马地区地下水质量的季节性评估:理学参数和粪便污染指标》一文中讨论了地下水质量出现季节性变化的原因和影响以及饮用前进行处理的必要性。在《拉维河水质和浮游动物多样性的生态学视角》一文中, Rakesh Kumar报告了一项研究, 调查了栖息地生态与拉维河浮游动物丰度的关系。研究发现, 城市倾倒、采砂和水流改变等人为活动对拉维河的水质和浮游动物多样性产生了负面影响。 本期内容以关于埃塞俄比亚的四篇论文结尾。在《利用人工神经网络分析埃塞俄比亚裂谷盆地数据稀缺地区的地下水储量异常》一文中, Abera Shigute Nannawo与合著者分析并讨论了“理解地下水储量异常对制定支持地下水长期可用性的监管框架的影响”一事的重要性。Tsegahun Asfaw Abebe与合著者随后在他们的论文《埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州北绍阿区腹泻热点地区多村饮用水源的理化评估和微生物学评估》中报告了他们对水质的检查, 其研究结果可作为指导政策决策和指导实际干预措施的宝贵证据基础。在《重审综合流域健康评估框架的全球权重和韦伊布流域健康分析:埃塞俄比亚的政策前景》一文中, Mesfin Reta Aredo及其合著者评价了最近提出的综合流域健康评估框架, 并取得了令人鼓舞的结果, 同时也提出了一系列策略来应对某些领域的瓶颈问题。最后, 回到之前的话题, Kindie Zewdie Werede及其合著者在论文《使用MIKE SHE模型对埃塞俄比亚奥莫吉贝上游流域的土地利用和土地覆盖变化进行径流响应建模》中介绍了他们的多工具分析结果。 与往常一样, 我们感谢所有作者的出色稿件, 以及数十位自愿抽出时间支持本期《世界水政策》的同行评审员。我们相信您会享受阅读这本来自世界各地的关于水政策、实践和支持它们的经验的丰富见解。 下一期《世界水政策》将于2024年11月出版, 那一期将是关于水外交和水安全的特刊。我们期待呈现丰富的研究和基于经验的反思, 探讨在那些“获取水和相关服务仍然或日益成为隔离和不安全因素以及阻碍人类享有水权”的地区可以和应该做些什么。 我们感谢您对《世界水政策》的关注, 并期待您的投稿。 献上最美好的祝福, Jeff Camkin, Susana Neto 关键词:水政策与实践, 能力发展, 领导力发展, 可持续发展目标 6 参考文献 Camkin, J. and Neto, S. (2014). Welcome to New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Editorial. New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Vol. 1, Issue 1 September 2014. Policy Studies Organisation, Washington D.C. https://doi.org/10.18278/nwpp.1.1.7 Neto, S. and Camkin, J. (2024a). 10 years of World Water Policy Journal: the past, present and future. Editorial. World Water Policy Journal. Vol 10, Issue 2. 30 April 2024. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/wwp2.12197 Neto, S. and Camkin, J. (2024b). 2023: A year of success in the climate change battle or a missed opportunity? Editorial. World Water Policy Journal. Vol 10, Issue 1. 6 February 2024. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/wwp2.12171 Una década en perspectiva: avances en Jeff Camkin1 Susana Neto1,2 1Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 2Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Jeff Camkin, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia [email protected] de 2024, 10 de World Water Policy Journal. 19 de de de de de 2014, Policy Studies New Water Policy and Practice, Editorial de de en a de (Camkin Neto, 2014). en Editorial World Water Policy 10.2, (Neto Camkin, 2024a). en avances en de (Neto Camkin, 2024b). en World Water Policy Journal en a en de Wouter Lincklaen Arriëns Brian McIntosh, a de de ideas de en en de Wouter Brian década de a ideas de de década de en en de a en de A de de de a de de en Doaa Salman Abdou de de de en en de en de en Adel Zeggaf Tahiri en en de de de a de de de a avances Adenike A Akinsemolu en de en de en de de de de Ahmed Falih Al-ysari de de de de de a en de de en de de Delta India, Jyoti Nair de de de 152 en a de en de de de de en de Fez, Nisrine Lachgar de en de de de a Locke Kent Anson en (LULC) en en de de a a de de en de de de en de de Eitigani Abdelgalil en a de a de de de de Wasim Akram de en de en de de India: de WQI de de de en de de a en Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati en de Nelda Mouton de en de de a a de de de en de en Dschang, de de Godffroy Rostant Pokam Djoko de en de local de de Fatiha Mchiouer de en de en de en de Al de de en Rakesh Kumar en de Ravi de de en de de en de de Rift de Abera Shigute Nannawo de de de en de de de Tsegahun Asfaw Abebe de en de de de en de en de de base de de de de de de de de Mesfin Reta Aredo de de de en a Kindie Zewdie Werede de en de de de MIKE SHE en de Omo Gibe en a a de de en de ideas de de World Water Policy, en de 2024, de en en a en de en World Water Policy en Jeff Camkin, Susana Neto de de Camkin, J. and Neto, S. (2014). Welcome to New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Editorial. New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Vol. 1, Issue 1 September 2014. Policy Studies Organisation, Washington D.C. https://doi.org/10.18278/nwpp.1.1.7 Neto, S. and Camkin, J. (2024a). 10 years of World Water Policy Journal: the past, present and future. Editorial. World Water Policy Journal. Vol 10, Issue 2. 30 April 2024. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/wwp2.12197 Neto, S. and Camkin, J. (2024b). 2023: A year of success in the climate change battle or a missed opportunity? Editorial. World Water Policy Journal. Vol 10, Issue 1. 6 February 2024. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/wwp2.12171 Camkin, J. and Neto, S. (2014). Welcome to New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Editorial. New Water Policy and Practice Journal. Vol. 1, Issue 1 September 2014. Policy Studies Organisation, Washington D.C. https://doi.org/10.18278/nwpp.1.1.7